How explosive is the cl-20

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August undefined, 2024

WebIn a corner of the Mojave Desert in California, sits a naval air base called China Lake. It is the size of that key metaphor for the sizes of large areas — the state of Rhode Island. Located in a desert many miles from the … Web3 mrt. 2024 · Moreover, the other coated structure CL-20/TA/CP 2 is capable of laser initiation at 107.3 mJ with a Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 6.5 ns) and lead plate test further …

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WebBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES zDelivery packages for precision-guided munitions are often very costly zHigh performance warheads increase the cost effectiveness of these munitions zObjective: Develop cast/cure explosive with increased lethality over current state-of-the-art z90% CL-20 castable HTPB explosive (DLE-C038) zDevelop robust … WebCL-20, so named after the China Lake facility of the Naval Air Weapons Station in California, US, was first synthesised by Dr Arnold Nielson in 1987. CL-20 or Octa-Nitro-Cubane is a … bitmain fw

CL-20 - an overview ScienceDirect Topics

WebSince 2011 China is able to mass produce a new explosive CL-20 (China Lake Compound No. 20 ) In War With China, U.S. Risks Being ‘Beaten Over The Head’ With Its Own Explosives Technology forbes comments sorted by … Web1 jan. 2024 · The energetic molecule CL-20 or HNIW (2-4-6-8-10-12-Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane) is one of the most energy dense explosives known to … WebRegarding sensitivity, in the case of CL-20/DNDAP and CL-20/DNT, the high impact sensitivity of CL-20 is reduced, making the two cocrystals viable explosives. … data entry jobs online login

Raman spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis to ...

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WebThe isothermal decomposition process of CL-20/HMX co-crystals was studied through an isothermal decomposition dynamics research method. The pressure versus time curves … WebIt was demonstrated that CL-20 undergoes structural alterations in melted TNT. The relative solubility of CL-20, RDX and HMX in melted TNT was determined and the α-, β-, γ- and ε-CL-20 were prepared and characterized using Raman spectroscopy and DTA. CL-20 was mixed in melted TNT, as much as 4.2 g of CL-20 dissolved in 100 g of TNT. bitmain firmware t15Webcrystallographic phases of explosive CL-20† Xuan He, *a Yu Liu,a Shiliang Huang,a Yi Liu,a Xuemei Pu*b and Tao Xu*a The polymorphic quantitative analysis of explosives is very important for national defense and security inspection. However, conventional analytical methods are inaccurate and time-consuming because of bitmain founder

"WebAbstract. CL-20 is an attractive HEM having density (>2 g cm -3) and velocity of detonation (9400 m s -1) superior to HMX (1.9 g cm -3 and 9100 m s -1 ). During this study, CL-20 … " - How explosive is the cl-20

How explosive is the cl-20

Research on the Shock Ignition of CL-20 and HMX Based Explosives

Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, also called HNIW and CL-20, is a polycyclic nitroamine explosive with the formula C6H6N12O12. In the 1980s, CL-20 was developed by the China Lake facility, primarily to be used in propellants. It has a better oxidizer-to-fuel ratio than conventional HMX or RDX. … Meer weergeven First, benzylamine (1) is condensed with glyoxal (2) under acidic and dehydrating conditions to yield the first intermediate compound.(3). Four benzyl groups selectively undergo hydrogenolysis using palladium on carbon Meer weergeven In 2024, K.P. Katin and M.M. Maslov designed one-dimensional covalent chains based on the CL-20 molecules. Such chains were constructed using CH2 molecular … Meer weergeven • Bolton, Onas; Adam J. Matzger (September 12, 2011). "Improved Stability and Smart-Material Functionality Realized in an … Meer weergeven In August 2012, Onas Bolton et al. published results showing that a cocrystal of 2 parts CL-20 and 1 part HMX had similar … Meer weergeven In August 2011, Adam Matzger and Onas Bolton published results showing that a cocrystal of CL-20 and TNT had twice the stability of … Meer weergeven • 2,4,6-Tris(trinitromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine • 4,4’-Dinitro-3,3’-diazenofuroxan (DDF) • Heptanitrocubane (HNC) • HHTDD • Iceane (Wurtzitane) Meer weergeven Web4 sep. 2016 · The evolution of shock into the detonation of CL-20 deserves academic attention and research. An embedded electromagnetic particle velocity gauge was used to study the shock initiation of detonation in a pressed solid explosive formulation, C-1, containing 94 wt-% epsilon phase CL-20 and 6 wt-% fluororubber (FPM).

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Web10 apr. 2024 · Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was conducted for 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitrohexaazaiso-wurtzitane (ε-CL-20) and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) crystal, CL-20/TNT cocrystal with equal molar ratio and CL-20/TNT composite with equal molar ratio using COMPASS force field with isothermal-isobaric (NPT) ensembles at different … WebHexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20, HNIW), cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX), and cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) are three most typical nitramine explosives. And they are widely used as the energy source for explosive devices due to their stable performance and high-energy density [ 1 ].

Web16 dec. 2024 · The EOS parameters were determined for explosive formulations comprising pure CL-20 as well as aluminized versions and compared to literature reports. Calculated pressure-specific volume curves... Web7 feb. 2024 · The formation of CL-20/GEMs could be divided into two processes: exfoliation of GIMs and refining of CL-20, respectively, and formation of intercalated composites. It is easy to form non-covalent bond structures between CL-20 and GO because of the functional group (–OH, –COOH, and –C–O–C) existed in GO.

WebFeng-sheng Li. Nano-nitramine explosives (RDX, HMX, CL-20) are produced on a bi-directional grinding mill. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations show that the prepared particles are ... WebThe current state-of-the-art military explosive is HMX at a cost of about US$100/kg. The photo above makes clear that CL-20 is considerably more powerful than HMX, …

Web4.2 CL-20. Xiang et al. [74] performed AIMD simulations to study initial decomposition mechanisms and subsequent decomposition process of CL-20 crystal at extreme …

WebThe isothermal decomposition process of CL-20/HMX co-crystals was studied through an isothermal decomposition dynamics research method. The pressure versus time curves of the gas generated by the CL-20/HMX co-crystal thermal decomposition present a significant inflection point at the decomposition extent of 70%. data entry jobs north carolinaWeb24 jun. 2024 · In CL-20/TNAD cocrystal explosive, the interaction energy of trigger bond is increased by 0.8 ~ 15.0 kJ/mol, implying that the mechanical sensitivity of CL-20/TNAD cocrystal explosive is lower ... bitmain hashboardWeb20 sep. 2024 · The cocrystallization of high-energy explosives has attracted great interests since it can alleviate to a certain extent the power-safety contradiction. 2,4,6,8,10,12 … data entry jobs online worldwideWeb17 mei 2024 · The shock sensitivities of HMX and CL-20 based explosives were obtained by shock initiation experiment, and the shock pressure of initiation were calculated, respectively. The results show that the critical initiation pressure of HMX based and CL-20 based explosive is 3.02 and 2.64GPa. bitmain help data entry jobs sheffieldWeb18 mrt. 2024 · explosives. Although several explosives such as nitroglyc-erin or potassium nitrate have been used as drugs in the medical history, 1210 1311 the case of thiowurtzine is quite different, as it is directly derived from the CL-20 molecule, but lacks all of the 6 nitro groups which confer its explosive properties to CL-20. bitmain headquartersWeb5 sep. 2024 · With high density (approximately 2.0 g cm −3), good oxygen balance and excellent detonation properties (44.8 GPa and 9762 m/s), CL-20 is currently the most powerful commercially available explosive and is the most promising one to replace conventional explosives, such as RDX and HMX [2, 3 ]. bitmain homepage